{"id":2436,"date":"2018-05-27T08:00:19","date_gmt":"2018-05-27T08:00:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tolfan.is\/?p=2436"},"modified":"2018-05-27T08:21:50","modified_gmt":"2018-05-27T08:21:50","slug":"borgarpistill-moskva","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tolfan.is\/borgarpistill-moskva\/","title":{"rendered":"Borgarpistill: Moskva"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vi\u00f0 erum b\u00fanir a\u00f0 fara yfir \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0irnar<\/a> sem eru me\u00f0 okkur \u00ed D-ri\u00f0linum \u00e1 HM \u00ed R\u00fasslandi. N\u00e6st \u00e6tlum vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 fara yfir keppnisborgirnar. Byrjum \u00e1 \u00feeirri fyrstu, \u00feann 16. j\u00fan\u00ed spilar \u00cdsland \u00ed sj\u00e1lfri h\u00f6fu\u00f0borg R\u00fasslands, Moskvu.<\/p>\n

H\u00f6fundur: Halld\u00f3r Marteins<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

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F\u00e1ni Moskvu (Mynd: https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flag_of_Moscow)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Moskva (r\u00fassneska:\u00a0???????)<\/h1>\n

Sta\u00f0setning: Vi\u00f0 \u00e1na Moskvu, \u00ed Evr\u00f3puhluta R\u00fassland.
\nSt\u00e6r\u00f0: 2.511 km2<\/sup>\u00a0(til samanbur\u00f0ar \u00fe\u00e1 er Reykjav\u00edk 273 km2<\/sup>\u00a0)
\n\u00cdb\u00faafj\u00f6ldi: 12,2 millj\u00f3nir (8. fj\u00f6lmennasta borg heims)<\/p>\n

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Skjaldarmerki Moskvu.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Skjaldarmerki Moskvuborgar er riddari \u00e1 hesti a\u00f0 stinga dreka me\u00f0 spj\u00f3ti. Myndin v\u00edsar \u00ed d\u00fdrlinginn heilagan Georg og \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0s\u00f6guna um \u00fea\u00f0 \u00feegar hann drap dreka og frelsa\u00f0i heilt \u00feorp \u00far \u00e1nau\u00f0 hans. Drekinn \u00ed s\u00f6gunni er talinn t\u00e1kna hei\u00f0ni og bar\u00e1tta heilags Georgs vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 brei\u00f0a \u00fat kristni ger\u00f0i hann snemma a\u00f0 t\u00e1kni fyrir \u00fdmsa sta\u00f0i og bar\u00e1ttur. \u00deannig eru einhverjar \u00fatf\u00e6rslur af \u00feessari mynd nota\u00f0ar \u00ed skjaldarmerkjum \u00ed \u00c1stral\u00edu, Austurr\u00edki, Kr\u00f3at\u00edu, T\u00e9kklandi, Frakklandi, \u00de\u00fdskalandi, \u00cdtal\u00edu, Lith\u00e1en, Hollandi, Sp\u00e1in, Sviss, Bretlandi og v\u00ed\u00f0ar. Rau\u00f0i krossinn \u00ed f\u00e1na Englands er \u00feannig til a\u00f0 mynda kalla\u00f0ur Georgskrossinn, t\u00e1kn sem var fyrst nota\u00f0 \u00e1 t\u00edmum krossfaranna og er v\u00edsun \u00ed heilagan Georg.<\/p>\n

\u00cd Moskvu var fyrst fari\u00f0 a\u00f0 nota heilagan Georg sem verndart\u00e1kn \u00e1 11. \u00f6ld. Svipu\u00f0 mynd og er n\u00fa var fyrst notu\u00f0 \u00ed opinberu skjaldarmerki borgarinnar \u00e1 16. \u00f6ld. Mismunandi \u00fatg\u00e1fur hafa veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0ar s\u00ed\u00f0an og eftir r\u00fassnesku byltinguna \u00e1ri\u00f0 1917 voru \u00f6ll tr\u00faart\u00e1kn og t\u00e1kn um gamla R\u00fassland b\u00f6nnu\u00f0. \u00cd sta\u00f0inn var teki\u00f0 upp skjaldarmerki sem innih\u00e9lt rau\u00f0a stj\u00f6rnu, hamar, sig\u00f0 og fleiri komm\u00fan\u00edsk t\u00e1kn. N\u00faverandi skjaldarmerki var svo teki\u00f0 upp \u00e1ri\u00f0 1993.<\/p>\n

Punktar um borgina<\/h2>\n

Borgin Moskva heitir eftir \u00e1nni Moskvu sem liggur \u00ed gegnum borgina. \u00c1in \u00e1 uppt\u00f6k s\u00edn 140 km vestur af borginni, rennur \u00ed gegnum hana og sameinast svo \u00e1nni Oka 110 km su\u00f0austur af borginni. Oka endar s\u00ed\u00f0an \u00e1 a\u00f0 sameinast \u00e1nni Volgu sem rennur me\u00f0al annars \u00ed gegnum borgina Volgograd \u00e1 lei\u00f0 sinni \u00fat \u00ed Kasp\u00edahaf.<\/p>\n

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\u00c1in Moskva (Mynd: https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moskva_River)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Elstu minjar um bygg\u00f0 \u00e1 sv\u00e6\u00f0inu \u00fear sem Moskva er n\u00fana eru fr\u00e1 n\u00fdstein\u00f6ld<\/a>. Fyrstu skr\u00e1\u00f0u heimildir um borgina Moskvu eru fr\u00e1 1147 en \u00fe\u00e1 var borgin hluti af furstad\u00e6minu Suzdal. Seinna var\u00f0 h\u00fan h\u00f6fu\u00f0borg furstad\u00e6misins Moskvu sem \u00fer\u00f3a\u00f0ist seinna yfir \u00ed r\u00fassneska keisarad\u00e6mi\u00f0.<\/p>\n

\u00cd hjarta Moskvuborgar er Kremlin Moskvu, h\u00fasa\u00feyrping me\u00f0 varnarvirkjum \u00ed kringum. R\u00fassneska or\u00f0i\u00f0 kremlin (r.\u00a0??????) \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir borgarvirki og v\u00edsar \u00ed mi\u00f0jueiningunnar \u00ed varnareiningum gamalla, r\u00fassneskra borga. \u00dear var b\u00f3kstaflega innsti kjarni borgarinnar \u00ed \u00f6llum skilningi, \u00fear var f\u00f3lki\u00f0 sem \u00f6llu stj\u00f3rna\u00f0i. \u00cd seinni t\u00edma hefur Kreml veri\u00f0 miklu meira nota\u00f0 sem bein v\u00edsun \u00ed Moskvukreml, frekar en almennt. E\u00f0a jafnvel sem heiti um p\u00f3lit\u00edska stj\u00f3rns\u00fdslu yfir \u00f6llu R\u00fasslandi, og Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkjunum \u00fear \u00e1\u00f0ur. Enda hafa \u00fear seti\u00f0 \u00fdmsir keisarar og r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rnir og forsetar. \u00deetta er enn mikilv\u00e6gur hluti af stj\u00f3rn landsins. Kremlsafni\u00f0<\/a> opna\u00f0i \u00fearna \u00e1ri\u00f0 1961 og er vins\u00e6ll fer\u00f0amannasta\u00f0ur \u00ed dag.<\/p>\n

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Kreml, virkisveggirnir sj\u00e1st vel (Mynd: Moscovery.com<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Vinaborgir Moskvu<\/h5>\n

Moskva \u00e1 helling af vinaborgum um allan heim. \u00deeirra \u00e1 me\u00f0al eru:<\/p>\n